Douglas Adams
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Editor: Douglas Adams |
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Appositives: Appositives are special in that the subject (or object in the case of O-S sentences) of the independent clause is equal to the subject complement of the adjective clause.
Like be + preposition clauses, appositives can be reduced by deleting the relative pronoun and the be verb...
and then fronted.
Present Participle Adjectives [reducing & fronting with action verbs]: Most group two clauses that contain verbs other than be can be reduced into present participle adjectives by deleting the relative pronoun and changing the verb to a present participle adjective.
As with the group one clauses, this reduced adjective clause can be moved to the front of the sentence.
A similar approach can be followed for Object-Subject sentences.
As with Object-Object, if we want to front an Object-Subject sentence, we first need to make the independent clause passive.
*Note: The possibility for ambiguity exists with these present participle adjectives as well. Thus, it's worth noting, that just because a sentence can be reduced, doesn't always mean it should be reduced. Often a certain level of ambiguity is introduced when group two clauses are reduced to present participle adjectives. In the example above, it becomes unclear exactly who is walking in the park. These reduced/fronted forms works better with longer, more academic sentences. *Note:This ambiguity is usually due to the fact that fronted group one clauses resemble reduced when or while adverb clauses. |
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